Sickle Cell Anemia Research Paper Essay Assignment Paper
Sickle Cell Anemia Research Paper Essay Assignment Paper
Introduction
Sickle cell anemia is a complex disease that is characterized by many factors that include the creation of new approaches that impact health in many ways. Sickle cell anemia must be better understood in order to accomplish the desired objectives and to recognize the importance of the disease and its limiting factors in addressing patient outcomes. The challenging nature of the disease impacts the health of its patients and requires further evaluation of its pathophysiology and other factors in order to treat the disease with the current treatments that are available. There are important determining factors associated with sickle cell anemia that require further evaluation; therefore, these considerations must be made in order to accomplish the desired treatment goals. The following discussion will address its pathology, current treatments, and potential future directions in treatment for this unique disease.
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Body
Sickle cell anemia is most commonly identified as a homozygous HbS disease (HbSS), and it includes chronic pain and regular vaso-occlusive crises that impact organs and systems . The disease is observed in patients with a genetic mutation that includes thymine for adenine, thereby coding valine rather than glutamate and polymer formation, accompanied by limited oxygen that contributes to the sickle cell formations that are common in this disease . Therefore, when the cells continue this formation, they become irreversibly sickled, even when oxygenation occurs, thereby gaining Na+ and losing K+, along with an increase in membrane permeability to Ca++ . This process begins as early as ten weeks, but the first sign of changes are typically evident at 6-12 months, which requires further investigation and diagnosis at this stage .
With sickle cell disease, antioxidant presence is markedly reduced, and in particular, SOD, GPX, catalase, vitamin C, vitamin E, and glutathione . Under these conditions, it is necessary to recognize the importance of restoring some of these antioxidant properties as best as possible, including the use of A-HOOH and dehydroascorbic acid supplements, along with vitamin C supplements and alpha-lipoic acid to reduce RBC sickling, in some cases up to one-half . However, other treatment alternatives must also be considered because antioxidant therapies on their own are not always successful, thereby requiring other types of treatment to be considered as key factors in supporting a long-term approach to the disease that will positively impact patients . To be specific, this treatment may require a combination of antioxidant therapies rather than a single therapy in order to support treatment needs more effectively (Chirico & Pialoux, 2012). Sickle Cell Anemia Research Paper
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