Methods Of Reducing Pestivirus Infection • BestNursingWriters

Methods Of Reducing Pestivirus Infection Essay Assignment Paper

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Pestivirus, also known as ‘Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus’ (BVDV), is a disease mainly affecting cattle but can also affect sheep, rodents and pigs. The symptoms of BVDV include diarrhea, suppression of the immune system and severe reproductive loss. When an animal comes into contact with the pestivirus for the first time it will be highly susceptible to infection, but there immune system quickly responds and eliminates the virus within a couple of weeks. So, in many herds the virus is unrecognizable and most even become immune. The disease is most dangerous when the animal, usually a cow, is infected during pregnancy. The fetus of these cows accepts the virus and stops it from forming antibodies against it. The virus will multiply in the tissues of the calf, either causing deformities or killing the offspring but if it does survive its life expectancy will be significantly reduced. The virus is spread through direct contact with the carrier animal and its secretions, but can also be spread when in contact with biting insects and wild ruminants. They range from acute infections which have little effect on the host, to mucosal disease which is fatal. This infection can cause a variety of diseases which may not become apparent until well after the herd has contracted the virus.

It has been found that between 60 and 70 percent of cattle and up to 90 percent of herds have been infected with BVDV. The highly infectious nature of the pestivirus means that it is difficult to maintain and that quarantine measure must be in place to stop it from spreading even further. This disease is having a damning impact on Australia’s cattle industry. The low reproductive rates and reduced resistance to disease caused by the pestivirus lead to direct economic loss. If the level of reproductive efficiency drops, so too will the earnings of the cattle farm, ultimately leading to a rise in the price of beef. The cost to the national industry is estimated to be $57.9 million annually, however Australia has quarantine measures to assist in decreasing the number of cases.

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Methods Of Reducing Pestivirus Infection Essay Assignment Paper

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