Hypertension PICOT Statement Essay Paper Assignment

Hypertension is a well-known chronic illness in the United States that had a prevalence of 26% in the adult population in the year 2015. Its prevalence gradually increased to 28% in 2016 and 30% in 2017when approximately 75 million adults suffered from it. The same year, an estimated 450,000 deaths were as a result of hypertension and the resultant complications of a stroke and heart disease (Forouzanfar, et al., 2017). From an economic perspective, the cost of hypertension according to the Department of Health is approximately $51.2 billion annually. This clearly indicates that reducing the economic and health burdens of hypertension and its resultant complications should be a priority of public health in combined efforts with healthcare professionals (Forouzanfar, et al., 2017).

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The increasing mortality and morbidity rates and the complications of hypertension can be reduced through pharmacological or non-pharmacological means. However, non-pharmacological approaches such as lifestyle modification should be the initial approach to the management of hypertension. Lifestyle can be modified through reducing salt intake, increasing the intake of potassium, avoiding alcohol, maintaining a well-balanced diet, physical exercise, reducing weight, ceasing tobacco smoking and managing stress (Aronow, 2017). Pharmacological approaches include the use of different categories of drugs: thiazide diuretics, beta blockers, calcium channel blockers or angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors. Generally, management should focus on reducing cardiovascular risk. This, therefore, leads to the following PICOT Statement:Hypertension PICOT Statement Essay Paper