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Advanced Pathophysiology and Pharmacology for Nurse Educators essay assignment
Course Description
This course focuses on advanced physiology, pathophysiology, and pharmacologic principles. This course will guide the Nursing Education student in interpreting changes in normal function that result in symptoms indicative of illness and the effects of select pharmacologic substances on that process. Evidence-based research provides the basis for determining the safe and appropriate utilization of medications and herbal therapies on human function. Appropriate education for various prescribed pharmacologic agents is incorporated.
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Pre-Requisites
None
Co-Requisites
None
Course Materials
Lippincott’s Illustrated Reviews: Pharmacology
Description:
Whalen, K. (2014). Lippincott’s illustrated reviews: Pharmacology (6th ed.). Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkens. ISBN-13: 9781451191776
(Available as print text only)
Pathophysiology: The Biological Basis for Disease in Adults and Children
Description:
McCance, K., & Huether, S. (2014). Pathophysiology: The biological basis for disease in adults and children (7th ed.). St. Louis, MO: Mosby. ISBN-13: 9780323088541 (Available as print text only). NUR 641E : Advanced Pathophysiology and Pharmacology for Nurse Educators
Topic 1: General Physiological and Pathophysiological Concepts
Description
Objectives:
Evaluate different forms of cell membrane transport.
Compare and contrast the mechanisms of cellular injury and the processes of cellular adaptation.
Evaluate the inflammatory response as a defense mechanism.
Describe principles of immunology in disease processes.
Evaluate the principles of cellular alterations in infection and the medications that treat infection.
Study Materials
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Pathophysiology: The Biological Basis for Disease in Adults and Children
Description:
Read Chapter 1-3 and 7-10 in Pathophysiology: The Biological Basis for Disease in Adults and
Children.
Lippincott’s Illustrated Reviews: Pharmacology
Description:
Read Chapters 36-40 in Lippincott’s Illustrated Reviews: Pharmacology.
Tasks
Topic 1 DQ 1
Description:
Part 1
What are the differences between primary and secondary line of defense? What factors interfere with these mechanisms? How are these levels of immunity affected in a child, an elderly person, or a person with a chronic disease? Include active, passive, innate, and acquired immunity.
Part 2
Choose an inflammatory or infectious process and explain the pathophysiology changes that may occur. What patient education would need to be included related to this disorder? Choose a medical condition different from that of your fellow students.
Topic 1 DQ 2
Description:
Select a medication used in evidence-based treatment guidelines for the condition chosen in the first discussion question. Share the mechanism of action of this medication and hints for monitoring, side effects, and drug interactions of which one should be aware. Make sure that you select a different medication than your peers. Include the name of the medication in the subject line so that the medications can be followed. Include your references in APA style.
Topic 2: Principles for Safe Use of Pharmacologic and Herbal Substances
Description
Objectives:
Analyze the impact of pharmacologic agents on a patient’s health status considering physiology, pathophysiology, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and patient knowledge.
Evaluate drug actions to promote safe and effective drug therapy.
Identify ethnic, cultural, and genetic differences in patients that may affect the safety or efficacy of medications.
Integrate knowledge of pathophysiology and pharmacology into teaching and educational materials in diverse settings.
Study Materials
Lippincott’s Illustrated Reviews: Pharmacology
Description:
Read Chapters 1 and 2 in Lippincott’s Illustrated Reviews: Pharmacology.
American Geriatrics Society 2015: Updated Beers Criteria for Potentially Inappropriate
Medication Use in Older Adults
Description:
Read “American Geriatrics Society 2015: Updated Beers Criteria for Potentially Inappropriate Medication Use in Older Adults,” by the American Geriatrics Society 2015 Beers Criteria Update Expert Panel.
Tasks
Content Lesson Presentation
Description:
Create a 7-8 slide presentation with speaker notes about a selected disease process and drug class. The presentation should provide content specific information on the selected disease process and drug class for staff or students in a clinical environment.
Follow these steps:
Select a disease process and a drug class used to treat the disease process.
Describe pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of the drug related to the pathophysiology of the disease process.
Describe the product, its intended use, side effects, adverse reactions, and safety issues.
Identify ethnic, cultural, and genetic differences in patients that may affect the safety or efficacy of medications.
How would you monitor the desired affect is achieved?
Be sure to include three to five references.
While APA style is not required for the body of this assignment, solid academic writing is expected, and documentation of sources should be presented using APA formatting guidelines, which can be found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center.
This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.
Topic 2 DQ 1
Description:
https://www.sigot.org/allegato_docs/1057_Beers-Criteria.pdf. Select a drug on the “avoid” list that you have administered to an older patient or a drug that you know is prescribed for an older adult. Relate the outcome of using this drug to the pharmacokinetics (absorption, metabolism, distribution, and excretion) of drugs in an older client. In addition to the link, cite one other reference to support your post.
Topic 2 DQ 2
Description:
Many people are using herbal medications and dietary supplements for the prevention and treatment of medical problems. Review two current research articles about two of these products. Based on the findings, what would be the implications for you as a nurse? What additional research needs to be done in this area? Cite the two references to support your answer.
Topic 3: Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Pathophysiology
Description
Objectives:
Compare alterations in electrolytes and their presentations.
Differentiate between acid base imbalances: metabolic acidosis, metabolic alkalosis, respiratory acidosis, and respiratory alkalosis.
Compare and contrast the role of the respiratory and renal systems in regulating acid base balance.
Compare and contrast the pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and mechanism of action of agents used to treat volume and ionic composition of body fluids.
Study Materials
Pathophysiology: The Biological Basis for Disease in Adults and Children
Description:
Review Chapter 3 in Pathophysiology: The Biological Basis for Disease in Adults and Children.
Tasks
Acid-Base and Electrolyte Case Study
Description:
A nurse is taking care of an 85-year-old woman in a hospital based skilled nursing facility. In report, the nurse is told the patient has not been breathing well for the past 2 days. She has been lethargic, her skin is warm and dry, and she has a decreased urine output. The following laboratory findings were returned from the laboratory immediately after morning report:
Na: 147
Cl 110
K 4.0
Blood Gases:
pH 7.33
PCO2 48
HCO3 27
Po2 96
Urine:
Urine Specific Gravity 1.040
Address the following:
Identify each of the abnormal laboratory findings in the above results. Specify how they differ from a normal range and identify what condition each abnormality indicates.
What specific electrolyte disturbance does the patient have?
What clinical manifestations would the nurse expect to see with this electrolyte abnormality presented above?
If the patient had an increase in her potassium level, what clinical manifestations would the nurse monitor for?
What blood gas abnormality is seen in this patient? Discuss the rationale for your answer.
What are the three major mechanisms of pH regulation?
While APA style is not required for the body of this assignment, solid academic writing is expected, and documentation of sources should be presented using APA formatting guidelines, which can be found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center.
This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.
Topic 3 DQ 1
Description:
Choose a medical condition from the fluid, electrolyte, or acid-base system and explain the pathophysiology changes that may occur. What patient education would need to be included related to this disorder? Choose a medical condition different from that of your fellow students.
Topic 3 DQ 2
Description:
Select a medication used in evidence-based treatment guidelines for the condition chosen in the first discussion question. Share the mechanism of action of this medication and hints for monitoring, side effects, and drug interactions of which one should be aware. Make sure that you select a different medication than your peers. Include the name of the medication in the subject line so that the medications can be followed. Include your references in APA style.
Topic 4: Respiratory System and HEENT: Selected Pathophysiology and
Pharmacologic Therapy
Description
Objectives:
Compare and contrast alterations in the pulmonary system and HEENT.
Compare and contrast the pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and mechanism of action of agents used to treat respiratory disease and diseases of the HEENT.
Integrate knowledge of pathophysiology and pharmacology into teaching and educational materials in diverse settings.
Study Materials
Lippincott’s Illustrated Reviews: Pharmacology
Description:
Read Chapters 29 and 30 in Lippincott’s Illustrated Reviews: Pharmacology.
Pathophysiology: The Biological Basis for Disease in Adults and Children
Description:
Read Chapters 16 and 34-37 in Pathophysiology: The Biological Basis for Disease in Adults and
Children
Tasks
Topic 4 DQ 1
Description:
Choose a medical condition from the respiratory system or HEENT system and explain the pathophysiology changes that may occur. What patient education would need to be included related to this disorder? Choose a medical condition different from that of your fellow students.
Topic 4 DQ 2
Description:
Select a medication used in evidence-based treatment guidelines for the condition chosen in the first discussion question. Share the mechanism of action of this medication and hints for monitoring, side effects, and drug interactions of which one should be aware. Make sure that you select a different medication than your peers. Include the name of the medication in the subject line so that the medications can be followed. Include your references in APA style.
Topic 5: Cardiovascular System and Lymphatic System: Selected
Pathophysiology and Pharmacologic Therapy
Description
Objectives:
Compare and contrast alterations in the cardiovascular system and lymphatic system.
Compare and contrast the pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and mechanism of action of agents used to treat cardiovascular and lymphatic system.
Integrate knowledge of pathophysiology and pharmacology into teaching and educational materials in diverse settings.
Study Materials
Lippincott’s Illustrated Reviews: Pharmacology
Description:
Read Chapters 17-23 in Lippincott’s Illustrated Reviews: Pharmacology.
Pathophysiology: The Biological Basis for Disease in Adults and Children
Description:
Read Chapters 32-34 in Pathophysiology: The Biological Basis for Disease in Adults and Children
Midterm Exam Study Guide
Description:
Review the Midterm Exam study guide to prepare for the Midterm Exam.
Tasks
Topic 5 DQ 1
Description:
Choose a medical condition from the cardiovascular system and lymphatic system and explain the pathophysiology changes that may occur. What patient education would need to be included related to this disorder? Choose a medical condition different from that of your fellow students.
Topic 5 DQ 2
Description:
Select a medication used in evidence-based treatment guidelines for the condition chosen in the first discussion question. Share the mechanism of action of this medication and hints for monitoring, side effects, and drug interactions of which one should be aware. Make sure that you select a different medication than your peers. Include the name of the medication in the subject line so that the medications can be followed. Include your references in APA style.
Mid-Term Exam
Description:
Complete the Mid-Term Exam.
Topic 6: Gastrointestinal and Genitourinary Systems: Selected
Pathophysiology and Pharmacologic Therapy
Description
Objectives
Compare and contrast alterations of the gastrointestinal and genitourinary systems.
Evaluate the pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of medications used to treat gastrointestinal and genitourinary disorders.
Integrate knowledge of pathophysiology and pharmacology into teaching and educational materials in diverse settings.
Study Materials
Lippincott’s Illustrated Reviews: Pharmacology
Description:
Read Chapters 31-32 in Lippincott’s Illustrated Reviews: Pharmacology.
Pathophysiology: The Biological Basis for Disease in Adults and Children
Description:
Read Chapters 38-43 in Pathophysiology: The Biological Basis for Disease in Adults and Children.
T Tasks
CLC – Staff Training
Description:
This is a Collaborative Learning Community (CLC) assignment.
This assignment requires completion of two parts: a presentation and an educational resource.
Part I: Presentation
Create a 15- to 20-slide PowerPoint presentation with speaker notes for a staff training meeting on the pathophysiology and pharmacologic agents for a select disease process.
Each CLC will choose one disease process from the following list and obtain instructor approval to avoid duplication:
Alzheimer’s disease
Asthma
Diabetes Type 2
Epilepsy
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)
Hypertension
Hypothyroidism
Multiple sclerosis
Peptic ulcer disease
Tuberculosis
Describe the physiology and pathophysiology of the disease, clinical manifestations, and evaluation
(e.g., labs, imaging).
Describe the pharmacologic treatment of the disease, including pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, drug interactions, side effects, adverse reactions, and application of the nursing process in monitoring the drug therapy.
Part II: Educational Resource
Using your selected disease process from Part I, develop an educational resource that can assist staff in increasing patient knowledge of medications and medication compliance.
The vehicle for your educational resource could include pamphlets, handouts, or any other brief, concise medium to convey the information to staff.
APA style is not required, but solid academic writing is expected.
