Diabetes Telephonic Control Essay Assignment Paper

OBJECTIVE — To compare the effectiveness of a telephonic and a print intervention over 1
year to improve diabetes control in low-income urban adults.
RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS — A randomized trial in Spanish and English
comparing a telephonic intervention implemented by health educators with a print intervention.
Participants (N 526) had an A1C 7.5% and were prescribed one or more oral agents. All were
members of a union/employer jointly sponsored health benefit plan. Health coverage included
medications. Primary outcomes were A1C and pharmacy claims data; secondary outcomes
included self-report of two medication adherence measures and other self-care behaviors. Diabetes Telephonic Control Assignment Papers.
RESULTS — Participants were 62% black and 23% Hispanic; 77% were foreign born, and
42% had annual family incomes $30 thousand. Baseline median A1C was 8.6% (interquartile
range 8.0–10.0). Insulin was also prescribed for 24% of participants. The telephone group had
mean SE decline in A1C of 0.23 0.11% over 1 year compared with a rise of 0.13 0.13%
for the print group (P 0.04). After adjusting for baseline A1C, sex, age, and insulin use, the
difference in A1C was 0.40% (95% CI 0.10–0.70, P 0.009). Change in medication adherence
measured by claims data, but not by self-report measures, was significantly associated with
change in A1C (P 0.01). Improvement in medication adherence was associated (P 0.005)

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